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Concepts- Human Body Facts

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"Concepts" is an educational website. It is created to provide a simple "human body- facts" concept overview in simple language.

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Concept 35: What Are the 10 Most Common Birth Defects?

A: The 10 most common birth defects are: Congenital heart defects: These are abnormalities in the heart's structure and function, and affect approximately 1 in 100 newborns. Down syndrome: This genetic condition results from an extra copy of chromosome 21, and occurs in approximately 1 in 700 births. Cleft lip and palate: This occurs when the tissues that form the roof of the mouth and upper lip do not join together properly during fetal development, and affects approximately 1 in 700 births. Neural tube defects: These are birth defects that occur when the neural tube, which forms the brain and spinal cord, fails to close properly during fetal development. Neural tube defects affect approximately 1 in 1,000 births. Clubfoot: This is a condition in which a baby's foot is turned inward or downward. It affects approximately 1 in 1,000 births. Polydactyly: This is a condition in which a baby is born with extra fingers or toes, and affects approximately 1 in 500 births. Spina bifid

Concept: 15- Why do we get bags under our eyes?

Genetics: As mentioned earlier, some people may be more prone to developing bags under their eyes due to genetic factors. Age: As we age, the skin around our eyes becomes thinner and loses elasticity, which can lead to bags. Lack of sleep: Not getting enough sleep can cause blood vessels under the eyes to dilate, leading to dark circles and bags. Allergies: Allergic reactions can cause inflammation and swelling around the eyes, resulting in bags and puffiness. Fluid retention: Consuming a diet high in sodium, drinking alcohol, or not drinking enough water can cause fluid retention, which can lead to bags under the eyes. Sinus congestion: When the sinuses become congested, it can cause fluid to accumulate around the eyes, leading to bags. Dehydration: Not drinking enough water can cause dehydration, which can make the skin around the eyes appear more sunken and make bags more prominent. Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions such as thyroid problems, kidney disease, and autoimm

Concept 25: How long does food normally stay in each segment of the digestive system?

The digestive system is a complex system of organs that work together to break down and absorb nutrients from the food we eat. The length of time food stays in each segment of the digestive system can vary depending on a variety of factors, such as the type of food, individual variations in digestion, and underlying medical conditions. However, on average, the time it takes for food to travel through the various segments of the digestive system is as follows: Mouth: Food is broken down by chewing and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that start the digestion process. Food typically stays in the mouth for a few seconds to a few minutes. Esophagus: The esophagus is a muscular tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Food usually takes about 5 to 10 seconds to travel through the esophagus. Stomach: The stomach is a sac-like organ that churns and mixes food with gastric juices, which contain enzymes and hydrochloric acid that break down food. Food can stay in the stom

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